What Is Transformer

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The reason for transforming the voltage to a much higher level is that higher distribution voltages implies lower currents for the same power and therefore lower I 2 R losses along the networked grid of cables. These higher AC transmission voltages and currents can then be reduced to a much lower, safer and usable voltage level where it can be used to supply electrical equipment in our homes and workplaces, and all this is possible thanks to the basic  Voltage Transformer . The  Voltage Transformer  can be thought of as an electrical component rather than an electronic component. A transformer basically is very simple static (or stationary) electro-magnetic passive electrical device that works on the principle of Faraday’s law of induction by converting electrical energy from one value to another. The transformer does this by linking together two or more electrical circuits using a common oscillating magnetic circuit which is produced by the transformer itself. A
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Measurement of solar Radiation

Measurement of solar Radiation:

Solar radiation data are measured mainly by the following instruments:i) Pyranometer:      A pyranometer is designed to measure global radiation, usually on a horizontal surface, but can also be used on an inclined surface. When shaded from beam radiation by using a shaded ring, a pyranometer measure diffuse radiation.


ii) Pyrheliometer:      An instrument that measures beam radiation by using a long narrow tube to collect only beam radiation from the sun at normal incidence

iii) Sunshine Recorder:
      It measures the Sun shine hours in a day.Solar energy can be utilized directly in two ways:i) By collecting the radiant heat and using it in a thermal system orii) By collecting and converting it directly to electrical energy using a photo voltaic system.

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